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摘要
Anaesthetic properties and potential genotoxicity of six essential oils extracted from the medicinal plants Origanurn vutgare, Eugenia arornatica, Atoy.sia triphytta, Melaleuca attemifolia, funiperus communis, Cinnamornum zeylanicum, are presently assessed in gilthead seabream. Essential oils are an alternative option for fish anaesthesia, which is necessary in order to ensure welfare under intensively reared conditions. Their anaesthetic efficacy was assessed in comparison with chemical agents, by monitoring fish behavior throughout the anaesthesia and recovery stages, while the post-treatment mortality rate was also recorded. Genotoxicity was evaluated using the single cell gel comet assay in vitro and in vivo. DNA migration (tail moment) and the percentage of cells with increased level of DNA damage in hepatocytes were assessed. All essential oils proved to qualify as anaesthetic agents achieving deep narcosis and behavioural recovery. Essential oils indicated higher efficiency compared to chemicals, mitigating the side-effects that arc often associated with synthetic substances. E. aromatic; 0. vufgare and A. friphylta induced genotoxic effects at applied closes. However, as genotoxicity is close dependent and most essential oils usually devoid of long-term genotoxic risk, lower anaesthetic closes have to be tested in order to be proposed for commercial use in aquaculture species. M. alternifolia anclJ. communis did not induced genotoxicity, maintaining DNA damage at control group level. Finally, C. zeylanicum was evaluated as equal competent anaesthetic agent satisfying the criteria of the ideal anaesthetic, reducing DNA strand breakage and indicating anti stress, anti-genotoxic and geno-protective effect. Statement of relevance: Genotoxicity of anaesthetic agents used for fish anaesthesia is an important issue in aquaculture production. As aquaculture fish are intended for human consumption, essential oils are an alternative option for anaesthesia, providing low cost, easy accessibility, efficacy and environmental safety. Due to the fact that essential oils may display dose-dependent toxicity, research on their genotoxic effect is very important before they are suggested fur commercial use in aquaculture. The essential oils extracted from medicinal plants Origunum vulgure, Eugenia uromuticu,Aloysio triphyliu, Meloleucu atternifoliujuniperus communis, Cinnumomum zeylanicum have never been assessed for their anaesthetic and genotoxic effect in seabream. Furthermore, comet assay is considered as an innovative and validated molecular assay for reliable detection of genoloxicants.
- 出版日期2016-11-1
