Analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia: a meta-analysis

作者：Gelfand Harold J; Ouanes Jean Pierre P; Lesley Maggie R; Ko Phebe S; Murphy Jamie D; Sumida Shawn M; Isaac Gillian R; Kumar Kanupriya; Wu Christopher L^*

来源：Journal of Clinical Anesthesia, 2011, 23(2): 90-96.

DOI：10.1016/j.jclinane.2010.12.005

• Meta-analysis
• Regional anesthesia
• Ultrasonography

Study Objective: To determine if the use of ultrasound guidance (vs non-ultrasound techniques) improves the success rate of nerve blocks.
Design: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the published literature.
Setting: University medical center.
Measurements: 16 RCTs of patients undergoing elective surgical procedures were studied. Patients underwent ultrasound-guided or non-ultrasound techniques (nerve stimulation, surface landmark) for peripheral nerve blocks. Success rates were measured.
Main Results: Ultrasound guidance (vs all non-ultrasound techniques) was associated with a significant increase in the success rate of nerve blocks [relative risk (RR) = 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06 to 1.17, P < 0.0001]). When compared with nerve stimulator techniques only, ultrasound guidance was still associated with an increase in the success rate (RR = 1.11 [95% CI: 1.05 to 1.17, P = 0.0001]). For specific blocks, ultrasound guidance (vs all non-ultrasound) was associated with a significant increase in successful brachial plexus (all) nerve blocks (RR = 1.11 [95% Cl: 1.05 to 1.20, P = 0.00011), sciatic popliteal nerve block (RR = 1.22 [95% CI: 1.08 to 1.39, P = 0.002]) and brachial plexus axillary nerve block (RR = 1.13 [95% CI: 1.00 to 1.26, P = 0.05]) but not brachial plexus infraclavicular nerve block (RR = 1.25 [95% CI: 0.88 to 1.76, P = 0.22]).
Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block is associated with an increased overall success rate when compared with nerve stimulation or other methods. Ultrasound-guided techniques also increase the success rate of some specific blocks.

• 出版日期2011-3