Distance-dependent congestion pricing for downtown zones

作者：Daganzo Carlos F^*; Lehe Lewis J

来源：Transportation Research Part B: Methodological , 2015, 75: 89-99.

DOI：10.1016/j.trb.2015.02.010

• Morning commute problem
• Usage-based congestion pricing
• Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram

A growing literature exploits macroscopic theories of traffic to model congestion pricing policies in downtown zones. This study introduces trip length heterogeneity into this analysis and proposes a usage-based, time-varying congestion toll that alleviates congestion while prioritizing shorter trips. Unlike conventional trip-based tolls the scheme is intended to align the fees paid by drivers with the actual congestion damage they do, and to increase the toll's benefits as a result.
The scheme is intended to maximize the number of people that finish their trips close to their desired times. The usage-based toll is compared to a traditional, trip-based toll which neglects trip length. It is found that, like trip-based tolls, properly designed usage-based tolls alleviate congestion. But they reduce schedule delay more than trip-based tolls and do so with much smaller user fees. As a result usage-based tolls leave most of those who pay with a large welfare gain. This may increase the tolls' political acceptability.

• 出版日期2015-5