A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal-type melanoma

作者：Vyas Ritva; Keller Jesse J; Honda Kord; Cooper Kevin D; Gerstenblith Meg R^*

来源：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2015, 73(6): 1031-1039.

DOI：10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.016

• animal type melanoma
• equine-type melanoma
• melanoma with prominent pigment synthesis
• pigment synthesizing melanoma
• pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma

Background: Animal-type melanoma is a rare subtype of melanoma with heavily pigmented dermal epithelioid and spindled melanocytes. Its classification as a subtype of melanoma versus a borderline melanocytic tumor is debated.
Objectives: Our primary objective was to characterize the demographics, clinical presentation, histopathology, management, and outcomes of patients with animal-type melanoma.
Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the English-language literature on animal-type melanoma.
Results: We identified 190 cases of animal-type melanoma. They occurred equally in men and women, with Caucasians (53.7%) most commonly affected. The median Breslow depth was 3.8 mm; ulceration was reported present in 15.8%; and dermal mitoses greater than or equal to 1/mm(2) was reported in 27.4%. The most common initial management was wide local excision with sentinel lymph node biopsy (55.7%). In all, 78 patients underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy with 41.0% positivity rate. A total of 32 patients underwent completion lymph node dissection with 34.4% positivity rate. Locoregional recurrence was reported in 15 patients, recurrence with distant metastases in 6 patients, and death in 5 patients.
Limitations: Data were obtained from small studies with limited follow-up. There is no universally accepted definition of animal-type melanoma.
Conclusion: Prospective studies with complete staging information and molecular profiling may allow further characterization of this tumor.

• 出版日期2015-12