科研之友
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摘要
<jats:p> Amazonian fishes employ diverse migratory strategies, but the details of these behaviours remain poorly studied despite numerous environmental threats and heavy commercial exploitation of many species. Otolith microchemistry offers a practical, cost-effective means of studying fish life history in such a system. This study employed a multi-method, multi-elemental approach to elucidate the migrations of five Amazonian fishes: two ‘sedentary’ species ( <jats:italic>Arapaima</jats:italic> sp. and <jats:italic>Plagioscion squamosissimus</jats:italic> ), one ‘floodplain migrant’ ( <jats:italic>Prochilodus nigricans</jats:italic> ) and two long-distance migratory catfishes ( <jats:italic>Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. filamentosum</jats:italic> ). The Sr : Ca and Zn : Ca patterns in <jats:italic>Arapaima</jats:italic> were consistent with its previously observed sedentary life history, whereas Sr : Ca and Mn : Ca indicated that <jats:italic>Plagioscion</jats:italic> may migrate among multiple, chemically distinct environments during different life-history stages. Mn : Ca was found to be potentially useful as a marker for identifying <jats:italic>Prochilodus</jats:italic> 's transition from its nursery habitats into black water. Sr : Ca and Ba : Ca suggested that <jats:italic>B. rousseauxii</jats:italic> resided in the Amazon estuary for the first 1.5–2 years of life, shown by the simultaneous increase/decrease of otolith Sr : Ca/Ba : Ca, respectively. Our results further suggested that <jats:italic>B. filamentosum</jats:italic> did not enter the estuary during its life history. These results introduce what should be a productive line of research desperately needed to better understand the migrations of these unique and imperilled fishes. </jats:p>
- 出版日期2016-6
