Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Metastatic Potential of Melanoma Xenografts

作者：Ovrebo Kirsti Marie; Ellingsen Christine; Galappathi Kanthi; Rofstad Einar K^*

来源：International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 2012, 83(1): E121-E127.

DOI：10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.12.019

• Biomarkers
• Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging
• DCE-MRI
• Hematogenous metastasis
• Hypoxia
• Xenografts

Purpose: Gadolinium diethylene-triamine penta-acetic acid (Gd-DTPA)-based dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has been suggested as a useful noninvasive method for characterizing the physiologic microenvironment of tumors. In the present study, we investigated whether Gd-DTPA-based DCE-MRI has the potential to provide biomarkers for hypoxia-associated metastatic dissemination.
Methods and Materials: C-10 and D-12 melanoma xenografts were used as experimental tumor models. Pimonidazole was used as a hypoxia marker. A total of 60 tumors were imaged, and parametric images of K-trans (volume transfer constant of Gd-DTPA) and nu(e) (fractional distribution volume of Gd-DTPA) were produced by pharmacokinetic analysis of the DCE-MRI series. The host mice were killed immediately after DCE-MRI, and the primary tumor and the lungs were resected and prepared for histologic assessment of the fraction of pimonidazole-positive hypoxic tissue and the presence of lung metastases, respectively.
Results: Metastases were found in 11 of 26 mice with C-10 tumors and 14 of 34 mice with D-12 tumors. The primary tumors of the metastatic-positive mice had a greater fraction of hypoxic tissue (p = 0.00031, C-10; p < 0.00001, D-12), a lower median K-trans (p = 0.0011, C-10; p < 0.00001, D-12), and a lower median nu(e) (p = 0.014, C-10; p = 0.016, D-12) than the primary tumors of the metastatic-negative mice.
Conclusions: These findings support the clinical attempts to establish DCE-MRI as a method for providing biomarkers for tumor aggressiveness and suggests that primary tumors characterized by low K-trans and low nu(e) values could have a high probability of hypoxia-associated metastatic spread.

• 出版日期2012-5-1