Adherence to the Spanish dietary guidelines and its association with obesity in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Granada study

作者：Molina Montes Esther; Uzhova Irina; Molina Portillo Elena; Huerta Jose Maria; Buckland Genevieve; Amiano Pilar; Menendez Virginia; Barricarte Aurelio; Gonzalez Carlos A; Sanchez Maria Jose^*

来源：Public Health Nutrition, 2014, 17(11): 2425-2435.

DOI：10.1017/S1368980014000688

• Diet standards
• Nutrition policy
• Dietary guidelines
• Diet quality
• Obesity

Objective: Dietary guidelines are intended to prevent chronic diseases and obesity. The aim of the present study was to develop a diet quality index based on the Spanish Food Pyramid (SFP) and to further explore its association with obesity in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Granada study.
Design: Cross-sectional study. The SFP score considered recommendations given for twelve food groups, and for physical activity and alcohol consumption. Obesity was defined as BMI over 30 kg/m(2) and abdominal obesity as waist circumference larger than 102 cm (men) and 88 cm (women). Logistic regression was conducted to estimate odds ratios of obesity by quintiles and by 10-point increment in adherence to the score, controlling for potential confounders.
Setting: EPIC-Granada study.
Subjects: Participants (n 6717) aged 35-69 years (77% women).
Results: A 10-point increase in adherence to the SFP score was associated with a 14 % (OR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.79, 0.94) lower odds of obesity in men (P interaction by sex = 0.02). The odds of abdominal obesity decreased globally by 12 % (OR = 0.88; 95% CI 0.84, 0.93) per 10-point increase in adherence to this score. The effect of higher adherence to the score on abdominal obesity was stronger in physically inactive men and women (ORper (10-point) (increase) = 0.79;95% CI 0.68, 0.92 and ORper (10-point) (increase) = 0.89; 95 % CI 0.84, 0.95, respectively).
Conclusions: These findings support that the Spanish dietary guidelines might be an effective tool for obesity prevention. However, prospective studies investigating this association are warranted.

• 出版日期2014-11