ACTIVATION OF STATE-REGULATING NEUROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS IN NEWBORN AND EMBRYONIC CHICKS

作者：Chan Aimee; Li Sihan; Lee Ahn R; Leung Joseph; Yip Alissa; Bird Jaimie; Godden Kyle E; Martinez Gonzalez Dolores; Rattenborg Niels C; Balaban Evan; Pompeiano Maria^*

来源：Neuroscience, 2016, 339: 219-234.

DOI：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.09.048

• chick embryo
• newborn chick
• sleep
• waking
• widely-projecting neurochemical systems
• cFos

Coordinated activity in different sets of widely-projecting neurochemical systems characterize waking (W) and sleep (S). How and when this coordination is achieved during development is not known. We used embryos and newborns of a precocial bird species (chickens) to assess developmental activation in different neurochemical systems using cFos expression, which has been extensively employed to examine cellular activation during S and W in adult mammals. Similarly to adult mammals, newborn awake chicks showed significantly higher cFos expression in W-active hypocretin/orexin (H/O), serotonergic Dorsal Raphe, noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus and cholinergic Laterodorsal and Pedunculopontine Tegmental (Ch-LDT/PT) neurons when compared to sleeping chicks. cFos expression was significantly correlated both between these systems, and with the amount of W. S-active melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons showed very low cFos expression with no difference between sleeping and awake chicks, possibly due to the very short duration of S episodes. In embryonic chicks, cFos expression was low or absent across all five systems at embryonic day (E) 12. Unexpectedly, a strong activation was seen at E16 in H/O neurons. The highest activation of Ch-LDT/PT (also S-active) and MCH neurons was seen at E20. These data suggest that maturation of arousal systems is achieved soon after hatching, while S-control networks are active in late chick embryos.

• 出版日期2016-12-17
• 单位McGill