The enlightenment of bladder cancer treatment: origin and progress of photodynamic diagnosis

作者：Otto Wolfgang^*; Burger Maximilian; Fritsche Hans Martin; Roessler Wolfgang; Wieland Wolf F; Denzinger Stefan

来源：Future Oncology, 2011, 7(9): 1057-1066.

DOI：10.2217/FON.11.91

• bladder cancer
• fluorescence cystoscopy
• hexaminolevulinate acid
• photodynamic diagnosis
• recurrence-free survival
• transurethral resection
• urothelial carcinoma

Compared with prostate cancer, which exclusively affects male patients, urothelial bladder cancer is the most common urogenital carcinoma affecting both men and women. In approximately 75% of cases, bladder cancer occurs as multifocal nonmuscle-invasive papillary tumor that demonstrates high rates of recurrence, leading to frequent transurethral resections with the need of hospitalization. These cases have paved the way for photodynamic diagnosis. Since the 1990s, this technique has been used to identify bladder tumors, especially highly aggressive carcinoma in situ, in an easier and more complete way compared with conventional white-light cystoscopy. This article gives an up-to-date review of the method, indication and results of photodynamic diagnosis for treatment of urothelial bladder cancer.

• 出版日期2011-9