Decreased Induction Morbidity and Mortality Following Modification to Induction Therapy in Infants With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Enrolled on AALL0631: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group

作者：Salzer Wanda L^*; Jones Tamekia L; Devidas Meenakshi; Dreyer ZoAnn E; Gore Lia; Winick Naomi J; Sung Lillian; Raetz Elizabeth; Loh Mignon L; Wang Cindy Y; De Lorenzo Paola; Valsecchi Maria Grazia; Pieters Rob; Carroll William L; Hunger Stephen P; Hilden Joanne M; Brown Patrick

来源：Pediatric Blood and Cancer, 2015, 62(3): 414-418.

DOI：10.1002/pbc.25311

• infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia
• mortality

BackgroundInfants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a poor prognosis. Intensification of therapy has resulted in fewer relapses but increased early deaths, resulting in failure to improve survival.
ProcedureAALL0631 is a Phase 3 study for infants (<366 days of age) with newly diagnosed ALL. Induction initially (Cohort 1) consisted of 3 weeks of therapy based on COG P9407. Due to excessive early mortality, induction was amended to a less intensive 5 weeks of therapy based on Interfant-99. Additionally, enhanced supportive care guidelines were incorporated with hospitalization during induction until evidence of marrow recovery and recommendations for prevention/treatment of infections (Cohort 2).
ResultsInduction mortality was significantly lower for patients in Cohort 2 (2/123, 1.6%) versus Cohort 1 (4/26, 15.4%; P=0.009). All induction deaths were infection related except one due to progressive disease (Cohort 2). Sterile site infections were lower for patients in Cohort 2 (24/123, 19.5%) versus Cohort 1 (15/26, 57.7%; P=0.0002), with a significantly lower rate of Gram positive infections during induction for patients in Cohort 2, P=0.0002. No clinically significant differences in grades 3-5 non-infectious toxicities were observed between the two cohorts. Higher complete response rates were observed at end induction intensification for Cohort 2 (week 9, 94/100, 94%) versus Cohort 1 (week 7, 17/25, 68%; P=0.0.0012).
ConclusionDe-intensification of induction therapy and enhanced supportive care guidelines significantly decreased induction mortality and sterile site infections, without decreasing complete remission rates. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:414-418.

• 出版日期2015-3