Distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infections among contacts of tuberculosis patients

作者：Chigbu Lawrence N; Onubogu Catherine; Iroegbu Christian U^*

来源：African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2012, 6(18): 4030-4035.

DOI：10.5897/AJMR12.037

• Tuberculosis
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• infection
• HIV
• contacts
• Nigeria

Contacts of tuberculosis (TB) cases in households or sharing space in hospitals, classrooms, offices, market stalls or other, were evaluated by tuberculin skin test (TST), sputum-smear microscopy or sputum culture method for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and by serology for HIV infections. Of the 633 contacts, 47.4% were TST-positive and 18.2% HIV-infected. Household contacts were 174 and 51.2% of them were TST-positive and 8.0% HIV-positive. Spouse (TB-case)-spouse contacts gave 83.3% TST-positive rate followed by mother (TB-case)-child contact (65.5%); father (TB-case)-child contact (35.0%) and other relationships (51.2%). In a three-year cohort study, 46.2% contacts, initially TST- and HIV-positive, developed TB compared with 16.7% among those TST-positive but HIV-negative. For those TB and HIV positive, 52.4% developed AIDS and 42.9% died compared with 22.3% AIDS rate and 18.2% deaths among those testing TST-negative but HIV-positive. This confirms interaction between HIV and TB; and the liaison of the two resulted in higher mortality.

• 出版日期2012-5-16
• 单位河北医科大学