科研之友
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摘要
The efficient use of fertilizer nitrogen (N) is critical for potato production in regions with sandy soils as concerns for groundwater contamination have become more apparent. The interactive effects of different hill shapes and distribution of in-season N fertilizer applications at various timings were evaluated in a 3-year potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Russet Burbank) field experiment on a sandy soil in central Wisconsin. A split-plot design was used with hill shape (standard, shaped-plateau, or pointed) as the main plots and 202 kg N ha(-1) divided into two, three, or four applications as the split plots. Broader, flatter hills provided tuber yield increases of 7 to 10 %, tuber size and grade improvements of 8 to 25 %, and increased tuber N uptake an average of 22 % in some years; however, post-emergence hilling operations negatively affected yield and tuber size and grade out in 1 of 2 years. Splitting the N into three in-season applications (emergence, early tuberization, and tuberization + 20 days) increased tuber yield by about 4 % or tuber size by 19 % in years where rain increased leaching potential on this sandy soil, but further splitting increased the proportion of small tubers that passed a 5.1-cm screen. This study confirmed that more blocky-shaped hills with only one hilling operation at emergence can significantly benefit potato yield and quality, and fertilizer N use efficiency on these sandy soils.
- 出版日期2015-2
