The otological manifestations associated with autistic spectrum disorders

作者：Chin R Y^*; Moran T; Fenton J E

来源：International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2013, 77(5): 629-634.

DOI：10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.02.006

• Autistic spectrum
• Otological abnormalities
• Hearing loss
• ENT assessment of autistic spectrum disorders
• Auditory processing
• ASD and ENT

Objectives: To elucidate the otological manifestations found in this increasingly commonly diagnosed condition. This paper will discuss the diagnosis, aetiology, pathogenesis, management and the outcomes of treatment. %26lt;br%26gt;Study design: Systematic literature review. %26lt;br%26gt;Materials and methods: The following databases were searched for articles pertaining to the otological manifestations of autistic spectrum disorders: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CURRENT CONTENTS, PSYCHLIT, CINAHL and HEALTHSTAR. Articles from 1965 to June 2012 were extracted. Relevant articles from the literature were selected and reviewed by two independent authors. Each paper was assessed as to its level of evidence and validity. The relevant results are presented and discussed in order to present a practical approach to the management of these patients. %26lt;br%26gt;Results: Patients with ASD have an increased incidence of peripheral and central otological pathology. This pathology plays a key role in the behavioural, communication, and social aspects of the disease. ASD patients have a higher incidence of profound sensorineural hearing loss, middle ear infections, and abnormalities of the cochlear nerve and brainstem auditory pathways. There are cortical and brainstem neurodevelopmental abnormalities in the way auditory information is interpreted and processed in the ASD patient. %26lt;br%26gt;Conclusions: The otolaryngologist plays a key role in the multidisciplinary management of individuals with ASD due to the high prevalence of otological pathology amongst these patients. Early diagnosis and expedient treatment focusing on normalisation of auditory input and development can maximise developmental outcomes.

• 出版日期2013-5