科研之友
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摘要
Monoclonal antibodies have been successfully introduced into medical therapy of patients with solid cancers. These recombinant immunoglobulins bind specific structures (epitopes) on the surface of cancer cells (cancer antigens) or they interact with targets in the tumor environment. Blocking of growth factor receptor signaling, neutralization of growth factors, recruitment of immune effectors to activate antibody dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) and/or complement-mediated lysis and triggering cell-intrinsic death pathways are regarded as key effector mechanisms of therapeutic antibodies. In addition, antibody conjugates are used to target toxins or radionuclides to cancer cells. The toxicity profile of clinically applied antibodies is determined by the expression of their respective epitopes in normal tissues. In addition, antibodies may provoke anaphylactic reactions by activation of immune effector cells and cytokine release. To date six antibodies have been approved for therapeutic use in solid cancer patients in Germany (Bevacizumab, Cetuximab, Denosumab, Ipilimumab, Panitumumab and Trastuzumab). Several novel antibodies are currently in clinical testing.
- 出版日期2012-9
