Measurement of high-dynamic range x-ray Thomson scattering spectra for the characterization of nano-plasmas at LCLS

作者：MacDonald M J^*; Gorkhover T; Bachmann B; Bucher M; Carron S; Coffee R N; Drake R P; Ferguson K R; Fletcher L B; Gamboa E J; Glenzer S H; Gode S; Hau Riege S P; Kraus D; Krzywinski J; Levitan A L; Meiwes Broer K H; O'Grady C P; Osipov T; Pardini T; Peltz C; Skruszewicz S; Swiggers M; Bostedt C; Fennel T; Doppner T

来源：Review of Scientific Instruments, 2016, 87(11): 11E709.

DOI：10.1063/1.4960502

Atomic clusters can serve as ideal model systems for exploring ultrafast (similar to 100 fs) laser-driven ionization dynamics of dense matter on the nanometer scale. Resonant absorption of optical laser pulses enables heating to temperatures on the order of 1 keV at near solid density conditions. To date, direct probing of transient states of such nano-plasmas was limited to coherent x-ray imaging. Here we present the first measurement of spectrally resolved incoherent x-ray scattering from clusters, enabling measurements of transient temperature, densities, and ionization. Single shot x-ray Thomson scattering signals were recorded at 120 Hz using a crystal spectrometer in combination with a single-photon counting and energy-dispersive pnCCD. A precise pump laser collimation scheme enabled recording near background-free scattering spectra from Ar clusters with an unprecedented dynamic range of more than 3 orders of magnitude. Such measurements are important for understanding collective effects in laser-matter interactions on femtosecond time scales, opening new routes for the development of schemes for their ultrafast control. Published by AIP Publishing.

• 出版日期2016-11