Stable forms of two-dimensional crystals and graphene

作者：O' Hare A; Kusmartsev F V^*; Kugel K I

来源：Physica B: Condensed Matter , 2012, 407(11): 1964-1968.

DOI：10.1016/j.physb.2012.01.075

• Graphene
• Electron gas
• Two-dimensional crystal

We show that the %26quot;two-dimensional%26quot; graphene is stable due to transverse short-range displacements of carbon atoms, which may be described in a framework of Ising model with competing interactions. When temperature decreases, two transitions, high temperature disorder into order and order into low-temperature glass, arise. The graphene looks like a microscopic %26quot;washboard%26quot; with the wavelength of about 2-4 angstrom. Due to up-down asymmetry of the lattice distortions in graphene on substrate, a mini-bandgap arises. This leads to many new phenomena: a rectification of AC current induced by microwave or infrared radiation, the existence of self-trapping and a new type of fermionic mini-exciton-polaritons.

• 出版日期2012-6-1