New drugs

作者：Mueller Wieland D^*

来源：Diabetologe, 2013, 9(4): 296-301.

DOI：10.1007/s11428-012-1019-6

• Insulin resistance
• Glucagon receptor antagonist
• Glucokinase activators
• Insulin analogues
• Body fat distribution

The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is a complex interplay between different pathophysiological mechanisms related to altered functions of different organs, e.g. endocrine pancreas, liver, fatty tissue, skeletal muscle, kidneys, autonomic nervous system and gastrointestinal system. These multiple mechanisms with implications for glucose and lipid metabolism are related to features of insulin resistance, impaired islet function and the development of hyperglycemia. The future will have to find solutions to this puzzle and it appears evident that type 2 diabetes covers many different subtypes which might benefit from different therapeutic strategies. The strategies have to focus not only on lowering blood glucose levels but also on reducing specific complications, such as microangiopathy and cardiovascular risks. This review focuses on developments in insulin therapy and oral anti-diabetic drugs are also summarized. Furthermore, different mechanisms and metabolic pathways are outlined which might be potential drug targets driven by the persisting hope to one day cure and prevent diabetes.

• 出版日期2013-6