科研之友
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摘要
The human genome has been deciphered, resulting in the development of new technologies to access the information obtained from genome decoding. Among these, different microarray technologies have emerged that are now being used to survey the expression profiles of genes to identify molecular processes in tissues. DNA- and tissue-microarray are two new techniques which already play a significant role in oncologic research. By using the cDNA-microarray (DNA-chip) the expression profiles of up to more than 6000 genes can be studied simultaneously in a single tissue specimen. This results in the display of over-expression and suppression of genes in a tumor specimen from a single patient (marker search). The specific survey of single genes and their products for clinical and prognostic relevance is facilitated by use of the tissue-microarray technique (marker testing). It is thereby possible to identify individual genes in a large cohort of up to 400 tumor samples on a single slide and in a single step. Early investigations on bladder and prostate cancer are now available confirming the useful application of DNA- and tissue-microarrays and underlining the importance of these techniques in urologic oncology. The conditions necessary for application of microarray technology to elucidate molecular mechanisms and evaluate their clinical, prognostic and diagnostic relevance are already available.
- 出版日期2002-7
