科研之友
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摘要
The recommendation of a fertilizer dose for a crop depends on nutrient gain-loss balance in the agricultural system (Restitution Law). At the Federal University of Vicosa (UFV), this balance has been modeled for liming and fertilizer recommendations for eucalyptus (NUTRICALC), pineapple, cotton, rice, banana, coffee, sugarcane, coconut, orange, melon, maize, pastures, soybean, tomato (FERTICALC), and for teak (FERTI - UFV). Fertilization and nutrition of tropical ornamental plants is based on the knowledge of growers and fertilizer manufacturers. This study was developed to establish an experimental technique for determining: recovery rates of available forms of macro and micronutrients by extractors; nutrient demand and recovery rates of ornamental plants; as well as nutrient doses and contents in fertilizer which supplies plant requirements. The modeling focused on two modules. Plant module, in which nutrient demand and requirement for a given yield are obtained; and substrate module, that allows to calculate nutrient supply from the pot or bed used for cultivation. Modeling enabled to outline a new research method for lime and fertilizer recommendations of crops with insufficient information, particularly for tropical ornamental plants. The requirement - supply method allows to determine nutrient dose and content of supply fertilizer (SF) that meets plant requirement. The method is iterative and was developed in three approaches. The first one considered the production of orchid seedlings. In the second, growth curves with SF were determined for violets cultivated in pots containing substrate. In the last, criteria to define nutrient recovery rates in plants and substrate chemical extraction were determined. Finally, the proposed experimental technique is presented.
- 出版日期2014-4
