科研之友
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摘要
Purpose of the study. Precise quantifications of the health effects of air pollution were made available during the last 20 years. Cardiovascular health quickly gained much attention, as epidemiological and experimental studies showed that it was, as least as much as respiratory health, affected by air pollutants. Today, Much evidence is available, on the one hand, concerning the existence of deleterious effects of air pollution on cardiovascular health and, on the other hand, on the physiopathological mechanisms that may be responsible for such effects. The aim of the present study was to quantify the short-term effects of air pollution on cardiovascular-mortality and morbidity in French cities. Method. The short-term relationships between air pollution exposure indicators (NO(2), PM(10) and ozone) and cardiovascular health indicators (mortality and hospitalisations) were estimated by time series analyses. First, relative risks were estimated in each participating French city (nine for mortality and eight for hospital admission) and then a combined analysis was conducted. An excess relative risk (in percentage) was thus estimated. Results. Significant links were observed between the levels of all studied air pollution indicators and risks of cardiovascular and cardiac death. The hospitalisations for cardiovascular, cardiac and ischemic heart diseases were also significantly associated with the levels of NO(2), and PM(10) but not with ozone. Discussion. These results are intrinsically coherent kind consistent with the ones obtained in other epidemiological studies. Results from experimental and epidemiological studies provide some explanations for the underlying physiopathological mechanisms: oxidative stress, inflammation and alterations of the autonomous nervous system may he responsible for such effects.
- 出版日期2009-6
