A simple analytical wind park model considering atmospheric stability

作者：Emeis S^*

来源：Wind Energy, 2010, 13(5): 459-469.

DOI：10.1002/we.367

• offshore wind park
• wind speed reduction factor
• analytical model
• atmospheric thermal stability
• wind park wake
• wind profile
• turbulent momentum flux

The analytical top-down wind park model by Emeis and Frandsen(1) is enhanced by consistently making both the downward momentum flux and the momentum loss at the rough surface dependent on atmospheric stability. Specifying the surface roughness underneath the turbines in a wind farm in the model gives the opportunity to investigate principal differences between onshore and offshore wind parks, because the roughness length of the sea surface is two to three orders of magnitude lower than the roughness length of land surfaces. Implications for the necessary distance between single turbines in offshore wind farms and the distance between neighbouring wind parks are computed. It turns out from the model simulations that over smooth surfaces offshore the wind speed reduction at hub height in a wind farm is larger than over rough onshore surfaces given the same density of turbines within the park. Mean wind profiles within the park are also calculated from this model. Offshore wind farms must have a larger distance between each other in order to avoid shadowing effects of the upstream farm.

• 出版日期2010-7