A similar pro/anti-inflammatory cytokine balance is present in the airways of competitive athletes and non-exercising asthmatics

作者：Kurowski Marcin; Jurczyk Janusz; Olszewska Ziaber Agnieszka; Jarzebska Marzanna; Krysztofiak Hubert; Kowalski Marek L^*

来源：Advances in Medical Sciences, 2018, 63(1): 79-86.

DOI：10.1016/j.advms.2017.07.004

• Airway inflammation
• Innate immunity
• Exercise
• Asthma
• Competitive athletes

Purpose: Intensive exercise modifies airway inflammation and infection susceptibility. We aimed to determine the effect of exercise on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-alpha, IL-1ra, IL-10) and innate immunity protein (HSPA1, sCD14) levels in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and nasal secretions of competitive athletes, non-exercising asthmatics and healthy controls (HC).
Material and methods: The study group consisted of 15 competitive athletes (five speed skaters and ten swimmers) aged 15-25. The control groups comprised 10 mild-to-moderate asthmatics (AC) and seven HC. Athletes were assessed in- and off-training while asthmatics and controls at one time point. Nasal lavages and EBC were collected before and after a treadmill exercise challenge. Protein levels were assessed using ELISA.
Results: TNF-alpha levels in EBC were significantly higher in athletes than HC, but similar to asthmatic patients. In contrast, IL-1ra EBC concentrations were significantly lower in athletes than in HC, but again similar to asthmatics. Significant positive correlations were seen between baseline concentrations of TNF-alpha in EBC and fall in FEV1 following exercise challenge in athletes during training period (R = 0.74, p < 0.01) and in asthmatics (R = 0.64, p < 0.05). In nasal secretions, baseline IL-1ra levels were significantly higher in athletes and asthmatics than in HC. Exercise caused a slight, yet significant, increase in EBC HSPA1 in athletes (p = 0.02). The exercise challenge did not considerably influence TNF-alpha, IL-1ra, HSPA1 and sCD14 in EBC or nasal secretions.
Conclusions: Dysregulation of the TNF-alpha/IL-1ra balance in EBC and nasal secretions from athletes may reflect the presence of airway inflammation induced by repeated strenuous exercise.

• 出版日期2018-3