科研之友
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摘要
The celebrated exactly solvable %26apos;Schwinger%26apos; model, namely massless two-dimensional QED, is revisited. The solution presented here emphasizes the non-perturbative relevance of the topological sector through large gauge transformations whose role is made manifest by compactifying space into a circle. Eventually the well-known non-perturbative features and solution of the model are recovered in the massless case. However, the fermion mass term is shown to play a subtle role in order to achieve a physical quantization that accounts for gauge invariance under both small and large gauge symmetries. Quantization of the system follows Dirac%26apos;s approach in an explicitly gauge-invariant way that avoids any gauge-fixing procedure.
- 出版日期2012-1-27
