Apportioning Blame: Autoreactive CD4(+) and CD8(+) T Cells in Type 1 Diabetes

作者：Varela Calvino Ruben; Calvino Sampedro Cristina; Gomez Tourino Iria; Cordero Oscar J

来源：Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis, 2017, 65(4): 275-284.

DOI：10.1007/s00005-016-0452-4

• Type 1 diabetes
• T lymphocytes
• Autoantigens
• CD8
• Regulatory T cells

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most studied archetypal organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Although many clinical, epidemiological, and pathological characteristics have been described, there are still important issues which need to be resolved as these will have a major impact on the development of future antigen-specific immunotherapies. An important question relates to T lymphocytes in the development of the disease, in particular their role in the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. Since the discovery that certain class II histocompatibility complex molecules (HLA) are linked to the development of T1D, much research has focused on CD4(+) helper T lymphocytes; however, recent studies highlight class I HLA molecules as an independent risk factor; hence, research into the role played by CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes has gained momentum. In this review, we summarize recent studies clarifying the role played by both sets of autoreactive T lymphocytes in T1D, discuss the targets recognized by these cells and their phenotype in T1D patients. Finally, we will examine the possible generation of regulatory CD8(+) T lymphocytes upon different immuno-intervention strategies.

• 出版日期2017-8