Development of haemostatic decontaminants for treatment of wounds contaminated with chemical warfare agents. 3: Evaluation of in vitro topical decontamination efficacy using damaged skin

作者：Lydon Helen L; Hall Charlotte A; Dalton Christopher H; Chipman J Kevin; Graham John S; Chilcott Robert P

来源：Journal of Applied Toxicology, 2017, 37(8): 976-984.

DOI：10.1002/jat.3446

• O-pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (GD)
• S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl]-O-ethyl methylphosphonothioate (VX)
• bis(2-chloroethyl) sulphide (HD)
• chemical warfare agent
• nerve agent
• vesicant agent
• haemostatic
• decontamination
• percutaneous absorption
• diffusion cell

Previous studies have demonstrated that haemostatic products with an absorptive mechanism of action retain their clotting efficiency in the presence of toxic materials and are effective in decontaminating chemical warfare (CW) agents when applied to normal, intact skin. The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess three candidate haemostatic products for effectiveness in the decontamination of superficially damaged porcine skin exposed to the radiolabelled CW agents, soman (GD), VX and sulphur mustard (HD). Controlled physical damage (removal of the upper 100m skin layer) resulted in a significant enhancement of the dermal absorption of all three CW agents. Of the haemostatic products assessed, WoundStat was consistently the most effective, being equivalent in performance to a standard military decontaminant (fuller's earth). These data suggest that judicious application of haemostatic products to wounds contaminated with CW agents may be a viable option for the clinical management of casualties presenting with contaminated, haemorrhaging injuries. Further studies using a relevant animal model are required to confirm the potential clinical efficacy of WoundStat for treating wounds contaminated with CW agents. Copyright (c) 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
This in vitro study assessed three candidate haemostatic products for effectiveness in the decontamination of superficially damaged porcine skin exposed to the radiolabelled CW agents, soman (GD), VX and sulphur mustard (HD). Controlled physical damage (removal of the upper 100m skin layer) resulted in significant enhancement of the dermal absorption of all three CW agents. Of the haemostatic products assessed, WoundStat was consistently the most effective, being equivalent in performance to a standard military decontaminant (fuller's earth).

• 出版日期2017-8