Do Tobacco and Alcohol Modify Protective Effects of Diet on Oral Carcinogenesis?

作者：Toporcov Tatiana Natasha^*; Tavares Giovanna Emann; Braga Rotundo Ligia Drovandi; Vaccarezza Gabriela Fuerst; Haye Biazevic Maria Gabriela; Brasileiro Rosana Sarmento; de Carvalho Marcos Brasilino; Michaluart Junior Pedro; Kowalski Luiz Paulo; Ferreira Antunes Jose Leopoldo

来源：Nutrition and Cancer-An International Journal, 2012, 64(8): 1182-1189.

DOI：10.1080/01635581.2012.721155

Recent systematic reviews concluded that the frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables is inversely associated with the risk of oral cancer. We assessed this association, specifically comparing results obtained to nonsmokers and smokers, as well to nondrinkers and drinkers. We conducted a case-control study involving 296 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (cases) attended in 3 major hospitals of Sao Paulo, Brazil, paired with 296 controls, recruited from outpatient units of the same hospitals. Multivariate models assessed the effect of fruits and salads according to smoking and drinking. The intake of fruit was associated with the prevention of the disease in the specific assessment among light [odds ratio (OR) = 0.46; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.27-0.78) and heavy (OR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.14-0.65) smokers. The same was observed for vegetables consumption. For nonsmokers, no fruit (OR = 50; 95% CI = 0.22-1.12) or vegetable (for tomato, OR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.31-0.93) was associated with reduced risk of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Similar results were found in the stratified analysis according to drinking status with OR = 0.51 (95% CI = 0.30-0.87) and 0.18 for fruits (95% CI = 0.07-0.45), respectively, for light and heavy drinkers. This observation suggests that the protective effect of fruit and salad intake may modulate the deleterious effects from tobacco and alcohol.

• 出版日期2012