Sources of variance in BC mass measurements from a small marine engine: Influence of the instruments, fuels and loads

作者：Jiang Yu; Yang Jiacheng; Gagne Stephanie; Chan Tak W; Thomson Kevin; Fofie Emmanuel; Cary Robert A; Rutherford Dan; Comer Bryan; Swanson Jacob; Lin Yue; Van Rooy Paul; Asa Awuku Akua; Jung Heejung; Barsanti Kelley; Karavalakis Georgios; Cocker David; Durbin Thomas D; Miller J Wayne; Johnson Kent C^*

来源：Atmospheric Environment, 2018, 182: 128-137.

DOI：10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.03.008

• Black carbon
• Measurement methods
• Marine fuels
• Loads

Knowledge of black carbon (BC) emission factors from ships is important from human health and environmental perspectives. A study of instruments measuring BC and fuels typically used in marine operation was carried out on a small marine engine. Six analytical methods measured the BC emissions in the exhaust of the marine engine operated at two load points (25% and 75%) while binning one of three fuels: a distillate marine (DMA), a low sulfur, residual marine (RMB-30) and a high-sulfur residual marine (RMG-380). The average emission factors with all instruments increased from 0.08 to 1.88 gBC/kg fuel in going from 25 to 75% load. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) tested BC emissions against instrument, load, and combined fuel properties and showed that both engine load and fuels had a statistically significant impact on BC emission factors. While BC emissions were impacted by the fuels used, none of the fuel properties investigated (sulfur content, viscosity, carbon residue and CCAI) was a primary driver for BC emissions. Of the two residual fuels, RMB-30 with the lower sulfur content, lower viscosity and lower residual carbon, had the highest BC emission factors. BC emission factors determined with the different instruments showed a good correlation with the PAS values with correlation coefficients R2 > 0.95. A key finding of this research is the relative BC measured values were mostly independent of load and fuel, except for some instruments in certain fuel and load combinations.

• 出版日期2018-6