科研之友
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摘要
Context: Genuine community participation does not denote taking part in an action planned by health care professionals in a medical or top-down approach. Further, community participation and health education on breast cancer prevention are not similar to other activities incorporated in primary health care services in Iran. Objective: To propose a model that provides a methodological tool to increase women%26apos;s participation in the decision making process towards breast cancer prevention. To address this, an evaluation framework was developed that includes a typology of community participation approaches (models) in health, as well as five levels of participation in health programs proposed by Rifkin (1985%261991). Method: This model explains the community participation approaches in breast cancer prevention in Iran. In a %26apos;medical approach%26apos;, participation occurs in the form of women%26apos;s adherence to mammography recommendations. As a %26apos;health services approach%26apos;, women get the benefits of a health project or participate in the available program activities related to breast cancer prevention. The model provides the five levels of participation in health programs along with the %26apos;health services approach%26apos; and explains how to implement those levels for women%26apos;s participation in available breast cancer prevention programs at the local level. Conclusion: It is hoped that a focus on the %26apos;medical approach%26apos; (top-down) and the %26apos;health services approach%26apos; (top-down) will bring sustainable changes in breast cancer prevention and will consequently produce the %26apos;community development approach%26apos; (bottom-up). This could be achieved using a comprehensive approach to breast cancer prevention by combining the individual and community strategies in designing an intervention program for breast cancer prevention.
- 出版日期2012
