An evaluation of the effects of added vitamin D-3 in maternal diets on sow and pig performance

作者：Flohr J R; Tokach M D; Dritz S S; DeRouchey J M; Goodband R D^*; Nelssen J L; Bergstrom J R

来源：Journal of Animal Science, 2014, 92(2): 594-603.

DOI：10.2527/jas.2013-6792

• nursery pigs
• sow nutrition
• vitamin D
• vitamin D-3
• 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3

A total of 84 sows (PIC 1050) and their litters were used to determine the effects of supplementing maternal diet with vitamin D-3 on sow and pig performance, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 (25(OH)D-3), milk vitamin D-3, neonatal bone mineralization, and neonatal tissue vitamin D-3. After breeding, sows were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 dietary vitamin D-3 treatments (1,500, 3,000, or 6,000 IU/kg of complete diets). Sows were bled on d 0 and 100 of gestation and at farrowing and weaning (d 21). Pig BW was recorded at birth and weaning, and serum was collected from 2 pigs/litter at birth, on d 10 and at weaning. A total of 54 pigs (18/treatment) were euthanized at birth and necropsied to sample bones and tissues. Sow and suckling pig performance and neonatal bone ash and bone density did not differ among maternal vitamin D-3 treatments; however, sow 25(OH)D-3 and milk vitamin D3 increased (linear, P < 0.01) with increasing maternal vitamin D3 supplementation. Piglet serum 25(OH)D-3 increased (quadratic, P < 0.03) with increased maternal vitamin D-3. Neonatal kidney vitamin D-3 tended (quadratic, P = 0.08) to decrease with increasing maternal vitamin D-3, but liver vitamin D-3 tended (linear, P = 0.09) to increase with increasing maternal vitamin D-3. At weaning, a subsample of 180 pigs (PIC 327 x 1050) were used in a 3 x 2 split plot design for 35 d to determine the effects of maternal vitamin D-3 and 2 levels of dietary vitamin D-3 (1,800 or 18,000 IU/kg) from d 0 to 10 postweaning on nursery growth and serum 25(OH) D-3. Overall (d 0 to 35), nursery ADG and G:F were not affected by either concentration of vitamin D-3, but ADFI tended (quadratic, P < 0.06) to decrease with increasing maternal vitamin D-3 as pigs from sows fed 3,000 IU had lower ADFI compared with pigs from sows fed 1,500 or 6,000 IU/kg. Nursery pig serum 25(OH)D-3 increased with increasing maternal vitamin D-3 (weaning) on d 0 (linear, P < 0.01), and maternal x diet interactions (P < 0.01) were observed on d 10 and 21 because pigs from sows fed 1,500 IU had greater increases in serum 25(OH)D-3 when fed 18,000 IU compared with pigs from sows fed 3,000 IU. In conclusion, sow and pig serum 25(OH)D-3, milk vitamin D-3, and neonatal tissue vitamin D-3 can be increased by increasing maternal vitamin D-3, and nursery pig 25(OH)D-3 can be increased by increasing dietary vitamin D-3; however, sow and pig performance and neonatal bone mineralization was not influenced by increasing vitamin D-3 dietary levels.

• 出版日期2014-2