科研之友
微信
新浪微博
Facebook
分享链接
摘要
Myiasis is the infestation of living vertebrate animals and humans by the larvae of certain fly species (Diptera), which feed on the host's living or dead tissues and body fluids. Myiasis in sheep and goats is a major animal welfare issue causing considerable pain and suffering and, if untreated, can result in serious tissue injury, productivity losses, reproduction losses and death. A number of oestrid flies cause myiasis of sheep and goats. These include the goat warble flies (Przhevalskiana silenus), and the sheep nasal bot flies (Oestrus ovis). P. silenus has been reported mainly from goats. In contrast, infection rates and larval burdens with O. ovis are generally higher in sheep than goats, following both natural and artificial infestations, despite the fact that both ruminant species can act as hosts. Traumatic or wound myiasis is caused mainly by calliphorid and sarcophagid flies. Most of the calliphorid species involved, such as Lucilia sericata and Chrysomya albiceps, are facultative parasites. The single obligate parasite causing traumatic myiasis of goats and sheep in Europe is the sarcophagid, Wohljahrtia magnifica, Wohlfahrt's wound myiasis fly. All calliphorids and sarcophagids can infest sheep and goats and there is no known predisposition of certain genetic types for different hosts. Myiasis causing parasites are found worldwide and are especially widespread in the countries of Europe and Africa bordering the Mediterranean Basin. Because of the milk oriented husbandry systems applied in those areas, prevention and control of myiasis can be problematic, especially of lactating females in sheep and goat herds, due to the lengthy withdrawal periods for many of the insecticidal products. Like many other pest species, global warming could enable them to move northwards in Europe, with damaging consequences for the naive hosts that would thereby be exposed.
- 出版日期2012-3
