A STUDY ON INFLUENCE OF AN EXTERIOR WALL STRUCTURE ON HEATING ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

作者：Zukowski Miroslaw; Gajda Lukasz

来源：Rynek Energii, 2009, (5): 46-52.

• building energy simulations
• thermal capacity
• exterior walls
• space heating
• solar heat gain
• heat recovery

The duty of environmental protection and achieving sustainable development require design of energy efficient buildings. Thermal performance of a building envelope is very important factor in calculations of energy consumption. The main parameter of this characteristic, which refers to the rate of heat flow through the exterior partitions, is a U-value. Another major factor that quite often is neglected by architects is a thermal capacity of the wall components. Its value depends on specific heat and density of material. In the current paper a residential construction systems are described by Index of Thermal Inertia, Heat Capacity (HQ and Thermal Time Constant (TTC). Distribution of thermal mass and insulation in wall play very important role in energy consumption, too. The massive building envelope, floors, ceilings and internal partitions store passive solar gains and reduce internal temperature fluctuations. Due to this time-lag characteristic we can achieve thermal comfort conditions during all the day.
The subject investigated in our paper is concerned with the thermal performance of commonly used in Poland residential construction systems. The present study is focused on testing three types of exterior walls. The first one is based on Ytong blocks made of Aerated Autoclaved Concrete (AAC) and the next one is called a two-layer structure that is composed of exterior insulation and clay hollow bricks as the thermal mass. The third type of wall is a wooden frame construction. The testing residential building consists of two stories with a ground floor. The total volume of investigated object is equal to 579 m(3). Outside roof insulation is made of mineral wool with average thickness 20 cm. Floor on the ground is insulated by Polystyrol plates with 1.0 cm thickness. The type of glazing materials used in building construction makes a significant contribution to the annual energy consumption. For this reason, it is decided to select of fenestration system very precisely. It is considered double glazed windows with low-e coatings, wooden frame. Xenon gas-fill is chosen due to the best thermal insulation properties.

• 出版日期2009-10