科研之友
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摘要
Seeds of the winter annual Bromus tectorum lose primary dormancy in summer and are poised to germinate rapidly in the autumn. If rainfall is inadequate, seeds remain ungerminated and may enter secondary dormancy under winter conditions. We quantified conditions under which seeds enter secondary dormancy in the laboratory and field and also examined whether contrasting B. tectorum genotypes responded differently to dormancy induction cues. The study also extends previous hydrothermal time models for primary dormancy loss and germination timing in B. tectorum by using similar models to account for induction and loss of secondary dormancy. Maximum secondary dormancy was achieved in the laboratory after 4 weeks at -1.0 MPa and 5 degrees C. Seeds in the field became increasingly dormant through exposure to temperatures and water potentials in this range, confirming laboratory results. They were released from dormancy through secondary after-ripening the following summer. Different genotypes showed contrasting responses to dormancy induction cues in both laboratory and field. To examine secondary dormancy induction and release in the field in terms of hydrothermal time parameters, we first created a model that allowed mean base water potential (Psi(b)(50)) to vary while holding other hydrothermal time parameters constant, as in models for primary dormancy loss under dry conditions. The second model allowed all three model parameters to vary through time, to account for changes (e.g. hydrothermal time accumulation) that could occur simultaneously with dormancy induction in imbibed seeds. Shifts in Psi(b)(50) could explain most changes in dormancy status for seeds retrieved from the field, except during the short period prior to dormancy induction, when hydrothermal time was accumulating. This study illustrates that hydrothermal modelling, and specifically changes in Psi(b)(50), can be used to characterize secondary dormancy induction and loss in B. tectorum.
- 出版日期2017-3
