Aerobic Exercise Training and Arterial Changes in African Americans versus Caucasians

作者：Ranadive Sushant M^*; Yan Huimin; Lane Abbi D; Kappus Rebecca M; Cook Marc D; Sun Peng; Harvey Idethia; Ploutz Synder Robert; Woods Jeffrey A; Wilund Kenneth R; Fernhall Bo

来源：Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2016, 48(1): 90-97.

DOI：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000742

• EXERCISE TRAINING
• RACE AND ETHNICITY
• ARTERIAL FUNCTION
• INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS
• ARTERIAL STRUCTURE

African Americans (AA) have increased carotid artery intima-media thickness and decreased vascular function compared with their Caucasian (CA) peers. Aerobic exercise prevents and potentially reverses arterial dysfunction. Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 8 wk of moderate- to high-intensity aerobic training in young healthy sedentary AA and CA men and women.
Methods Sixty-four healthy volunteers (men, 28; women, 36) with mean age 24 yr underwent measures of arterial structure, function, and blood pressure (BP) variables at baseline, after the 4-wk control period, and 8 wk after training.
Results There was a significant increase in VO2peak among both groups after exercise training. Brachial systolic BP decreased significantly after the control period in both groups but not after exercise training. Carotid pulse pressure decreased significantly in both groups after exercise training as compared with that in baseline. There was no change in any of the other BP variables. AA had higher intima-media thickness at baseline and after the control period but it significantly decreased after exercise training compared with that of CA. AA had significantly lower baseline forearm blood flow and reactive hyperemia compared with those of CA, but exercise training had no effect on these variables. There was no significant difference in arterial stiffness (central pulse wave velocity) and wave-reflection (augmentation index) between the two groups at any time point.
Conclusions This is the first study to show that 8 wk of aerobic exercise training causes significant improvement in the arterial structure in young, healthy AA, making it comparable with the CA and with minimal effects on BP variables.

• 出版日期2016-1