Somatic embryogenesis from immature male inflorescences of East African highland banana CV ＆ Nakyetengu%26apos;

作者：P Namanya; SM Magambo; G Mutumba; W Tushemereirwe

来源：African Crop Science Journal: A Journal of Tropical Crop Science and Production , 2004.

The East African highland bananas (Musa spp. cv. EA-AAA), the most important staple food in Uganda, are susceptible to a range of pests and diseases. This has been attributed to a low genetic base of this banana group and thus the need to create a wide genetic base through development of resistant cultivars. The use of genetic transformation (engineering) approach has been identified as a potential option that could be utilised to facilitate and/or enhance the process of developing resistance cultivars. The objective is to establish an In vitro regeneration system for East African (EA-AAA) highland bananas. Cell suspensions are the material of choice for genetic transformation because of their regeneration capacity through somatic embryogenesis. In this study, immature male flowers of cultivar ＆Nakyetengu%26apos; were isolated and initiated on callus induction media designated M1, M2, M4, M6, M7 on petri-dishes. Cultures were placed under controlled light and temperature conditions and monitored for embryogenic callus formation. Embryogenic callus composed of somatic embryos was obtained on medium M1 only, after a culture period of 3.5 to 4 months. Direct somatic embryo germination was achieved on embryo germination medium. Somatic embryo germination was recorded at a rate of 66.7%. Plant recovery was achieved on standard MS hormone free medium, all being normal plants with root and shoot at weaning. With regard to the pest and disease problems of the East African highland banana, these findings underscore the fact that somatic embryogenesis is essential in the development of an In vitro regeneration system and is a critical step for development of resistant varieties through genetic transformation. Key Words: Cell suspensions, embryogenic callus, medium, regeneration, somatic embryos RESUME Les bananas de r谷gion de montagne de l%26apos;Afrique de l%26apos;est (Musa spp.cv. EA-AAA), le plus important aliment de base en Ouganda, sont susceptibles 角 une gamme des maladies et des pestes. Ceci a 谷t谷 attribu谷 角 une faible base g谷n谷tique de ce groupe de bananes et ainsi le besoin de cr谷er une large base g谷n谷tique 角 travers le d谷veloppement des vari谷t谷s r谷sistantes. L%26apos;usage de l%26apos;approche de transformation g谷n谷tique (inginerie) a 谷t谷 identifi谷 comme une option potentielle qui pourrait 那tre utilis谷e pour faciliter et/ou am谷liorer le processus de d谷veloppement des vari谷t谷s r谷sistantes. L%26apos;objectif est d%26apos;谷tablir une reg谷n谷ration In vitro du syst豕me pour les bananas de r谷gion de montagne de l%26apos;Afrique de l%26apos;est (EA-AAA). Les suspensions des cellules sont les mat谷riels de choix pour la transformation g谷n谷tique 角 cause de leur capacit谷 de reg谷n谷ration 角 travers l%26apos;embryogen豕se somatique. Dans cette 谷tude, les fleurs males immatures de vari谷t谷 ＆Nakyetendu%26apos; 谷taient isol谷es et initi谷es sur le media induction durillon class谷es sur les boites de petri M1, M2, M4, M6, M7. Les cultures 谷taient plac谷es sous les conditions contr l谷es de temp谷rature et lumi豕re et surveill谷es pour la formation d

• 出版日期2004