A review of the application of agricultural wastes as precursor materials for the adsorption of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: A focus on current approaches and methodologies

作者：Omo Okoro Patricia N; Daso Adegbenro P; Okonkwo Jonathan O^*

来源：Environmental Technology and Innovation, 2018, 9: 100-114.

DOI：10.1016/j.eti.2017.11.005

• Agricultural wastes
• Adsorbents
• Removal
• Adsorption capacity
• Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances

There is an abundant body of literature surrounding the use of agricultural wastes for the adsorption of pollutants from aqueous solutions. This area of research is often considered as an alternative to conventional treatment techniques. In the past, the research focus centred on the adsorption of toxic metals. Presently, there is an increase in the calls, for researchers to explore new adsorbent materials for the removal of organic pollutants. Since once ingested, these organic pollutants have health impacts such as chronic kidney and liver diseases and endocrine disruption. Hence, there is an increasing need to discover new and efficient ways of removing organic pollutants from water systems. It is worth mentioning that most agricultural wastes are not usually utilized in their original state, but rather modified in diverse ways to increase the material's surface area of adsorption and porosity. Thermal treatment, carbonization, chemical and physical activation, nanostructuring, grafting with copolymers and many others are some of the widely used methodologies; that are currently being employed for modifying agricultural waste materials for use as adsorbents. In this review, therefore, a discourse on a range of agricultural wastes that have been used as adsorbents for the removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from aqueous media is provided. A proposition of the use of maize tassel-silver nanoparticles as new comers is made. This review article serves to give key insights on the technical realizations in the area of adsorption of PFAS by utilizing agricultural wastes as precursor materials for preparing adsorbents.

• 出版日期2018-2