Melamine and cyanuric acid co-exposure causes renal dysfunction and structural damage via MAPKs and mitochondrial signaling

作者：Lee In Chul; Ko Je Won; Park Sung Hyeuk; Shin In Sik; Moon Changjong; Kim Sung Ho; Kim Yun Bae; Kim Jong Choon^*

来源：Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2016, 96: 254-262.

DOI：10.1016/j.fct.2016.08.013

• Melamine
• Cyanuric acid
• Nephrotoxicity
• Mitogen-activated protein kinases
• Apoptosis

Both melamine and cyanuric acid have low toxicity, but combined exposure to melamine and cyanuric acid (M + CA) was reported to cause unexpected toxicological synergy on kidney damage. In this study, we investigated the role of oxidative stress and apoptotic changes in the nephrotoxicity caused by M + CA in rats. M + CA treatment caused an increase in the kidney weight, serum blood urea nitrogen or creatinine levels in a dose-dependent manner. With severe morphological and histological changes in kidneys, M + CA markedly elevated lipid peroxidation and suppressed antioxidant enzyme activities. M + CA treatment induced apoptotic changes in renal tubular cells. Additionally, exposure to M + CA increased phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) coincided with increased Bax level and decreased Bc12 level, resulting in caspase-3 activation. In summary, oxidative stress and simultaneous IVIAPKs and mitochondrial/caspase activation may be related to renal tubular cell apoptosis caused by M + CA.

• 出版日期2016-10