Using Immersive Simulation for Training First Responders for Mass Casualty Incidents

作者：Wilkerson William^*; Avstreih Dan; Gruppen Larry; Beier Klaus Peter; Woolliscroft James

来源：ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, 2008, 15(11): 1152-1159.

DOI：10.1111/j.1553-2712.2008.00223.x

• first responders
• mass casualty
• disaster
• virtual reality
• human patient simulator

A descriptive study was performed to better understand the possible utility of immersive virtual reality simulation for training first responders in a mass casualty event.
Utilizing a virtual reality cave automatic virtual environment (CAVE) and high-fidelity human patient simulator (HPS), a group of experts modeled a football stadium that experienced a terrorist explosion during a football game. Avatars (virtual patients) were developed by expert consensus that demonstrated a spectrum of injuries ranging from death to minor lacerations. A group of paramedics was assessed by observation for decisions made and action taken. A critical action checklist was created and used for direct observation and viewing videotaped recordings.
Of the 12 participants, only 35.7% identified the type of incident they encountered. None identified a secondary device that was easily visible. All participants were enthusiastic about the simulation and provided valuable comments and insights.
Learner feedback and expert performance review suggests that immersive training in a virtual environment has the potential to be a powerful tool to train first responders for high-acuity, low-frequency events, such as a terrorist attack.

• 出版日期2008-11