Anncaliia algerae Microsporidial Myositis

作者：Watts Matthew R^*; Chan Renee C F; Cheong Elaine Y L; Brammah Susan; Clezy Kate R; Tong Chiwai; Marriott Deborah; Webb Cameron E; Chacko Bobby; Tobias Vivienne; Outhred Alexander C; Field Andrew S; Prowse Michael V; Bertouch James V; Stark Damien; Reddel Stephen W

来源：Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2014, 20(2): 185-191.

DOI：10.3201/eid2002.131126

The insect microsporidian Anncaliia algerae was first described in 2004 as a cause of fatal myositis in an immunosuppressed person from Pennsylvania, USA. Two cases were subsequently reported, and we detail 2 additional cases, including the only nonfatal case. We reviewed all 5 case histories with respect to clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management and summarized organism life cycle and epidemiology. Before infection, all case-patients were using immunosuppressive medications for rheumatoid arthritis or solid-organ transplantation. Four of the 5 case-patients were from Australia. All diagnoses were confirmed by skeletal muscle biopsy; however, peripheral nerves and other tissues may be infected. The surviving patient received albendazole and had a reduction of immunosuppressive medications and measures to prevent complications. Although insects are the natural hosts for A. algerae, human contact with water contaminated by spores may be a mode of transmission. A. algerae has emerged as a cause of myositis, particularly in coastal Australia.

• 出版日期2014-2