Dietary cadmium intake and breast cancer risk in Japanese women: A case-control study

作者：Itoh Hiroaki; Iwasaki Motoki^*; Sawada Norie; Takachi Ribeka; Kasuga Yoshio; Yokoyama Shiro; Onuma Hiroshi; Nishimura Hideki; Kusama Ritsu; Yokoyama Kazuhito; Tsugane Shoichiro

来源：International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2014, 217(1): 70-77.

DOI：10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.03.010

• Estrogen-mimicking
• Endocrine disrupter
• Heavy metal
• Hormone receptor
• Epidemiology

Cadmium, an environmental pollutant, may act like an estrogen and be a potential risk factor for estrogen-dependent diseases such as breast cancer. We examined the hypothesis that higher dietary cadmium intake is associated with risk of overall and hormone receptor-defined breast cancer in Japanese women, a population with a relatively high cadmium intake. The study was conducted under a case-control design in 405 eligible matched pairs from May 2001 to September 2005 at four hospitals in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. Dietary cadmium intake was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer and its hormone-receptor-defined subtypes were calculated by tertile of dietary cadmium intake. We found no significant association between dietary cadmium and risk of total breast cancer in either crude or multivariable-adjusted analysis. Adjusted ORs for tertiles of cadmium intake were 1.00, 1.19, and 1.23 (95% CI, 0.76-2.00; P for trend = 0.39) for whole breast cancer. Further, no significant associations were seen across strata of menopausal status, smoking, and diabetes in multivariable-adjusted models except for adjusted OR for continuous cadmium intake in postmenopausal women. A statistically significant association was found for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumors among postmenopausal women (adjusted OR=1.00, 1.16, and 1.94 [95% CI, 1.04-3.63; P for trend = 0.032]). Although the present study found no overall association between dietary cadmium intake and breast cancer risk, higher cadmium intake was associated with increased risk of ER+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women, at least at regular intake levels in Japanese women in the general population. Further studies are needed to confirm this association.

• 出版日期2014-1