Drinking Water Disinfection By-products, Genetic Polymorphisms, and Birth Outcomes in a European Mother-Child Cohort Study

作者：Kogevinas Manolis^*; Bustamante Mariona; Gracia Lavedan Esther; Ballester Ferran; Cordier Sylvaine; Costet Nathalie; Espinosa Ana; Grazuleviciene Regina; Danileviciute Asta; Ibarluzea Jesus; Karadanelli Maria; Krasner Stuart; Patelarou Evridiki; Stephanou Euripides; Tardon Adonina; Toledano Mireille B; Wright John; Villanueva Cristina M; Nieuwenhuijsen Mark

来源：Epidemiology, 2016, 27(6): 903-911.

DOI：10.1097/EDE.0000000000000544

Background: We examined the association between exposure during pregnancy to trihalomethanes, the most common water disinfection by-products, and birth outcomes in a European cohort study (Health Impacts of Long-Term Exposure to Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water). We took into account exposure through different water uses, measures of water toxicity, and genetic susceptibility.
Methods: We enrolled 14,005 mothers (2002-2010) and their children from France, Greece, Lithuania, Spain, and the UK. Information on lifestyle-and water-related activities was recorded. We ascertained residential concentrations of trihalomethanes through regulatory records and ad hoc sampling campaigns and estimated route-specific trihalomethane uptake by trimester and for whole pregnancy. We examined single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variants in disinfection by-product metabolizing genes in nested case-control studies.
Results: Average levels of trihalomethanes ranged from around 10 mu g/L to above the regulatory limits in the EU of 100 mu g/L between centers. There was no association between birth weight and total trihalomethane exposure during pregnancy (beta = 2.2 g in birth weight per 10 mu g/L of trihalomethane, 95% confidence interval = 3.3, 7.6). Birth weight was not associated with exposure through different routes or with specific trihalomethane species. Exposure to trihalomethanes was not associated with low birth weight (odds ratio [OR] per 10 mu g/L = 1.02, 95% confidence interval = 0.95, 1.10), small-for-gestational age (OR = 0.99, 0.94, 1.03) and preterm births (OR = 0.98, 0.9, 1.05). We found no gene-environment interactions for mother or child polymorphisms in relation to preterm birth or small-for-gestational age.
Conclusions: In this large European study, we found no association between birth outcomes and trihalomethane exposures during pregnancy in the total population or in potentially genetically susceptible subgroups. (See video abstract at http://links.lww.com/EDE/B104.)

• 出版日期2016-11
• 单位河北医科大学