Antimicrobial resistance in Clostridium difficile

作者：Huang Haihui; Weintraub Andrej; Fang Hong; Nord Carl Erik^*

来源：International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2009, 34(6): 516-522.

DOI：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.09.012

• Clostridium difficile
• Antimicrobial susceptibility
• Resistance mechanisms

Clostridium difficile is the leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhoea and the number of outbreaks has risen markedly since 2003. The emergence and spread of resistance in C. difficile is complicating treatment and prevention. Most isolates are still susceptible to vancomycin and metronidazole (MTZ), however transient and heteroresistance to MTZ have been reported. The prevalence of resistance to other antimicrobial agents is highly variable in different populations and in different countries, ranging from 0% to 100%. Isolates of common polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ribotypes are more resistant than uncommonribotypes. Most of the resistance mechanisms that have been identified in C. difficile are similar to those in other Gram-positive bacteria, including mutation, selection and acquisition of the genetic information that encodes resistance. Better antibiotic stewardship and infection control are needed to prevent further spread of resistance in C. difficile.

• 出版日期2009-12
• 单位复旦大学