科研之友
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摘要
Purpose: To clarify the least number of prostate specific antigen (PSA) based screening rounds which is efficient in reducing the prostate cancer (PC) risk. Materials and methods: A systematic search was performed in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane database of systematic review, web of science, CNKI and VIP databases to identify related articles (last search: August, 2016). The risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of different numbers of screening rounds to reduce the prevalence of PC were calculated to assess the efficacy. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to different follow-up times. Results: A total of 9 randomized controlled trials were included in our analysis. Synthesized data showed that one or two rounds of PSA screening were not helpful in reducing the prevalence of PC (one round: RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.88-1.40, P = 0.37; two rounds: RR = 1.35, 95% CI: 0.90-2.02, P = 0.14). The PC prevalence was significantly reduced after three rounds of screening (RR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.53-0.76, P < 0.00001), including advanced (RR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.07-0.45, P = 0.0003) and high-grade PC (RR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.45-0.66, P < 0.00001). Conclusions: At least three rounds of PSA screening are efficient and helpful in reducing PC risk. Thus, repeated screening cycles are necessary when PSA screening is applied on populations.
