A Millimeter-Scale Energy-Autonomous Sensor System With Stacked Battery and Solar Cells

作者：Fojtik Matthew^*; Kim Daeyeon; Chen Gregory; Lin Yu Shiang; Fick David; Park Junsun; Seok Mingoo; Chen Mao Ter; Foo Zhiyoong; Blaauw David; Sylvester Dennis

来源：IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 2013, 48(3): 801-813.

DOI：10.1109/JSSC.2012.2233352

• CMOS memory integrated circuits
• digital signal processors
• photovoltaic power systems
• transducers

An 8.75 mm(3) microsystem targeting temperature sensing achieves zero-net-energy operation using energy harvesting and ultra-low-power circuit techniques. A 200 nW sensor measures temperature with -1.6 degrees C/+3 degrees C accuracy at a rate of 10 samples/sec. A 28 pJ/cycle, 0.4 V, 72 kHz ARM Cortex-M3 microcontroller processes temperature data using a 3.3 fW leakage per bit SRAM. Two 1 mm(2) solar cells and a thin-film Li battery power the microsystem through an integrated power management unit. The complete microsystem consumes 7.7 mu W when active and enters a 550 pW data-retentive standby mode between temperature measurements. The microsystem can process temperature data hourly for 5 years using only the initial energy stored in the battery. This lifetime is extended indefinitely using energy harvesting to recharge the battery, enabling energy-autonomous operation.

• 出版日期2013-3
• 单位IBM