科研之友
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摘要
A certain type of onium salt whose melting point is near an arbitrary temperature is a so-called a protic ionic liquid (PIL). PILs are expected to be the 'third solvents' that follow water and organic solvents for many techniques in analytical chemistry, such as separation, purification, and extraction, because of its ability for being an acid-base reaction medium. In this article, some ideas for understanding the acid-base reactions in PILs are briefly introduced with comparing with those in water and conventional non-aqueous solvents (i.e., organic solvents). Then, recent results of the autoprotolysis constants and acid dissociation constants in PILs are summarized to show quantitatively that PILs exhibit their acid-base property, depending on the constituting anion and cation. The relationship between the pH and the reactivity of hydrogen ion in a typical PIL, ethylammonium nitrate, is compared with that in water.
- 出版日期2015-3
