A transcoding-resistant video watermarking algorithm based on corners and singular value decomposition

作者：Wang, Daoshun^*; Liu, Song; Luo, Xiangyang; Li, ShunDong

来源：Telecommunication Systems, 2013, 54(3): 359-371.

DOI：10.1007/s11235-013-9739-5

• Video watermarking
• Singular value decomposition
• Harris corner
• Quantization index modulation
• Human visual system

The singular value decomposition (SVD) mathematical technique provides an elegant method for extracting algebraic features form an image. When a small change is added to singular values, great variance of image doesn't occur, and singular values in an image are less affected if general image processing is performed. Because singular value matrix of an image has good stability, the watermark can be embedded to this matrix without causing large variation in the stego-image. The reason of causing block effects and flicker in the traditional watermarked video using SVD is firstly analyzed in this paper. Based on the feature of SVD and that human eyes are not sensitive to the changes in corner area of each frame of video, we embed watermark into blocks with corner inside using quantization index modulation. We analyze the validity of the proposed algorithm about synchronizing error, block effects, and flicker. The experiment shows that the proposed approach has an excellent robustness against transcoding and some normal attacks, such as adding noise, re-encoding and so on without causing any block effects and flicker. The result also shows that the correct rate of extracting watermark can achieve 98 % per second.

• 出版日期2013-11
• 单位清华大学; 中国科学技术信息研究所; 陕西师范大学