Adult neural stem cells stake their ground

作者：Lim Daniel A^*; Alvarez Buylla Arturo

来源：Trends in Neurosciences, 2014, 37(10): 563-571.

DOI：10.1016/j.tins.2014.08.006

• neurogenesis
• neural stem cell
• niche
• regional identity
• neurotransmitter
• epigenetics
• chromatin

The birth of new neurons in the walls of the adult brain lateral ventricles has captured the attention of many neuroscientists for over 2 decades, yielding key insights into the identity and regulation of neural stem cells (NSCs). In the adult ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ), NSCs are a specialized form of astrocyte that generates several types of neurons for the olfactory bulb. In this review, we discuss recent findings regarding the unique organization of the V-SVZ NSC niche, the multiple regulatory controls of neuronal production, the distinct regional identities of adult NSCs, and the epigenetic mechanisms that maintain adult neurogenesis. Understanding how V-SVZ NSCs establish and maintain lifelong neurogenesis continues to provide surprising insights into the cellular and molecular regulation of neural development.

• 出版日期2014-10