Negative urgency, mood induction, and alcohol seeking behaviors

作者：VanderVeen J Davis^*; Plawecki Martin H; Millward James B; Hays James; Kareken David A; O'Connor Sean; Cyders Melissa A

来源：Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2016, 165: 151-158.

DOI：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.05.026

• Intravenous (IV) alcohol administration
• Negative urgency
• Mood induction
• Alcohol seeking
• Alcohol consumption

Background: Negative urgency, defined as impulsive risk-taking during extreme negative emotional states, is the most important impulsivity-related trait for alcohol-related problems and alcohol dependence. However, how negative urgency imparts risk for alcohol-related problems is not yet well understood. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to examine how negative urgency relates to separable aspects of the emotional experience and alcohol-seeking behaviors.
Methods: A total of 34 (19 women) community-dwelling, alcohol-using adults aged 21-32 (mean age = 24.86, SD = 3.40, 74.3% Caucasian) completed two counterbalanced intravenous alcohol self administration sessions: one during a neutral mood condition and one during a negative mood condition.
Results: Negative urgency was associated with 1) greater mood change following negative mood induction (F=4.38, df = 15, p = 0.002, eta 2 = 0.87), but was unrelated to changes in craving or cortisol release in response to mood induction; 2) greater alcohol craving prior to and after an alcohol prime (F=3.27, p = 0.02, eta 2 = 0.86), but only in the negative and not the neutral mood condition; and 3) higher peak BrAC (F=2.13, df = 42, p = 0.02, eta 2 = 0.48), continuing to increase intoxication level over a longer period (F=3.77, df = 42, p < 0.001, eta 2 = 0.62), and more alcohol seeking (F=21.73, df = 22, p < 0.001, eta 2 = 0.94) throughout the negative session. Negative urgency was associated with overall lower cortisol release.
Conclusions: These results highlight the importance of assessing behavioral indicators of negative urgency under mood condition, and suggest that negative urgency may amplify alcohol self-administration through increased negative emotional reactivity to mood events and increased alcohol craving after initial alcohol exposure, leading to maintenance of alcohol related behavior.

• 出版日期2016-8-1