Elucidating the gut microbiome of ulcerative colitis: bifidobacteria as novel microbial biomarkers

作者：Duranti Sabrina; Gaiani Federica; Mancabelli Leonardo; Milani Christian; Grandi Andrea; Bolchi Angelo; Santoni Andrea; Lugli Gabriele Andrea; Ferrario Chiara; Mangifesta Marta; Viappiani Alice; Bertoni Simona; Vivo Valentina; Serafini Fausta; Barbaro Maria Raffaella; Fugazza Alessandro; Barbara Giovanni; Gioiosa Laura; Palanza Paola; Cantoni Anna Maria; de'Angelis Gian Luigi; Barocelli Elisabetta; de'Angelis Nicola; van Sinderen Douwe; Ventura Marco; Turroni Francesca^*

来源：FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 2016, 92(12): fiw191.

DOI：10.1093/femsec/fiw191

• ulcerative colitis
• intestinal inflammation
• gut microbiota
• metagenomics
• dysbiosis
• probiotic bacteria

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with a substantial alteration of specific gut commensals, some of which may be involved in microbiota-mediated protection. In this study, microbiota cataloging of UC patients by 16S rRNA microbial profiling revealed a marked reduction of bifidobacteria, in particular the Bifidobacterium bifidum species, thus suggesting that this taxon plays a biological role in the aetiology of UC. We investigated this further through an in vivo trial by testing the effects of oral treatment with B. bifidum PRL2010 in a wild-type murine colitis model. TNBS-treated mice receiving 10(9) cells of B. bifidum PRL2010 showed a marked reduction of all colitis-associated histological indices as well as maintenance of mucosal integrity as it was shown by the increase in the expression of many tight junction-encoding genes. The protective role of B. bifidum PRL2010, as well as its sortase-dependent pili, appears to be established through the induction of an innate immune response of the host. These results highlight the importance of B. bifidum as a microbial biomarker for UC, revealing its role in protection against experimentally induced colitis.

• 出版日期2016-12