Dairy proteins, dairy lipids, and postprandial lipemia in persons with abdominal obesity (Dairy Health): a 12-wk, randomized, parallel-controlled, double-blinded, diet intervention study

作者：Bohl Mette^*; Bjornshave Ann; Rasmussen Kia V; Schioldan Anne Grethe; Amer Bashar; Larsen Mette K; Dalsgaard Trine K; Holst Jens J; Herrmann Annkatrin; O'Neill Sadhbh; O'Driscoll Lorraine; Afman Lydia; Jensen Erik; Christensen Merete M; Gregersen Soren; Hermansen Kjeld

来源：American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2015, 101(4): 870-878.

DOI：10.3945/ajcn.114.097923

• dairy
• milk protein
• whey
• casein
• milk fat
• medium-chain saturated fatty acid
• abdominal obesity
• postprandial lipemia
• apoB-48
• incretin
• adipose tissue gene expression

Background: Abdominal obesity and exaggerated postprandial lipemia are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, and both are affected by dietary behavior.
Objective: We investigated whether dietary supplementation with whey protein and medium-chain saturated fatty acids (MC-SFAs) improved postprandial lipid metabolism in humans with abdominal obesity.
Design: We conducted a 12-wk, randomized, double-blinded, diet intervention study. Sixty-three adults were randomly allocated to one of 4 diets in a 2 X 2 factorial design. Participants consumed 60 g milk protein (whey or casein) and 63 g milk fat (with high or low MC-SFA content) daily. Before and after the intervention, a high-fat meal test was performed. We measured changes from baseline in fasting and postprandial triacylglycerol, apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48; reflecting chylomicrons of intestinal origin), free fatty acids (FFAs), insulin, glucose, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide I (GLP-1), and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP). Furthermore, changes in the expression of adipose tissue genes involved in lipid metabolism were investigated. Two-factor ANOVA was used to examine the difference between protein types and fatty acid compositions, as well as any interaction between the two..
Results: Fifty-two participants completed the study. We found that the postprandial apoB-48 response decreased significantly after whey compared with casein (P = 0.025) independently of fatty acid composition. Furthermore, supplementation with casein resulted in a significant increase in the postprandial GLP-1 response compared with whey (P = 0.003). We found no difference in postprandial triacylglycerol, FFA, insulin, glucose, glucagon, or GIP related to protein type or MC-SFA content. We observed no interaction between milk protein and milk fat on postprandial lipemia.
Conclusion: We found that a whey protein supplement decreased the postprandial chylomicron response compared with casein in persons with abdominal obesity, thereby indicating a beneficial impact on CVD risk.

• 出版日期2015-4