An update on the pharmacotherapeutic interventions for smoking cessation

作者：Barboza Jose L^*; Patel Radha; Patel Pooja; Hudmon Karen Suchanek

来源：Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2016, 17(11): 1483-1496.

DOI：10.1080/14656566.2016.1197203

• Smoking cessation
• tobacco cessation
• nicotine replacement therapy
• varenicline
• bupropion
• nicotine lozenge
• nicotine gum
• nicotine patch
• nicotine nasal spray
• nicotine inhaler

Introduction: Cigarette smoking can damage every organ in the body and is the leading known preventable cause of death globally. It is estimated that 70% of patients want to quit, and about 50% report a quit attempt in the past year, yet only 4-7% are successful. These low quit rates represent the importance of appropriate treatment for smoking cessation through behavioral and pharmacotherapeutic means.Areas covered: Pharmacotherapy approximately doubles patients' chances of quitting, and the first-line approved pharmacotherapetuic options include nicotine gum, lozenge, patch, nasal spray, and inhaler, sustained-release bupropion, and varenicline. Second-line therapies include nortriptyline and clonidine. Recent evidence suggests a potential role for cytisine and naltrexone. Healthcare providers play an important role in helping patients quit smoking; therefore, a clear understanding of appropriate dosing, regimen, technique, disadvantages, advantages, warnings/precautions, and contraindications for available pharmacotherapeutic options is essential.Expert opinion: To improve chances of success, providers should consider patient preferences and prior experiences with quitting, provide medication-specific counseling for the selected therapy, and encourage adherence with the behavioral and pharmacotherapeutic treatment regimen.

• 出版日期2016